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Frases de Gilbert Murray

George Gilbert Aimé Murray fue un estudioso de literatura clásica e intelectual británico nacido en Australia,[1]​ con conexiones en diversas esferas. Fue un destacado estudioso y erudito del lenguaje y cultura de la Antigua Grecia, probablemente la autoridad máxima en la primera mitad del siglo XX. Su persona sirvió de base para el personaje de Adolphus Cusins en la obra de teatro de George Bernard Shaw Major Barbara, y también aparece en la obra de teatro de Tony Harrison Fram. Wikipedia  

✵ 2. enero 1866 – 20. mayo 1957
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Gilbert Murray: Frases en inglés

“In sum it seems to me that the Covenant, though not without certain ambiguities and loop-holes, is on the whole a wonderfully successful instrument, flexible, comprehensive, and exactly directed to the main evil which it was desired to cure. It does aim straight at the heart of the international anarchy; and it does so by a method which is calculated to stir up the very minimum of opposition. Its normal sanction is the public opinion of the world; its most effective weapon publicity. You cannot punish a nation; you cannot even coerce by force any moderately strong nation. But you can exert a very severe pressure on even the strongest to mend its ways by simply putting a question to its representative at the Assembly, or at one of the permanent Commissions, and publishing its reply.”

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Gilbert Murray

Fuente: The Ordeal of This Generation: The War, the League and the Future (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1929), p. 131

“It is hard on many people, on naval and military circles, on Philistine newspapers, on smart society in London, just as it is hard on similar circles in Berlin, to have to give up their favourite dreams and admit themselves definitely defeated, defeated even in the Tory Cabinet, by dull middle-class pacifism. ... all parties are pledged to the League...all Prime Ministers and ex-Prime Ministers support it...no candidate for Parliament dares to oppose it openly.”

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Gilbert Murray

Fuente: The Ordeal of This Generation: The War, the League and the Future (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1929), pp. 101-102

“The real difficulty of the situation lies in the practical working of the coercion. Let it be laid down that the League as a whole will take the necessary action, economic or military. Well and good; but the League is not a military or economic unit and possesses no central executive. It is a society of independent sovereign states, their independence somewhat modified by treaty obligations and a habit of regular conference, but none the less real. I doubt whether the League as a League could declare war or wage war. The force would have to be supplied by each state separately, of its own deliberate will. ... One cannot expect Siam or Canada to mobilize because one Balkan state attacks another. And if the duty is not incumbent on all members, who is to decide what members are to undertake it? The Council has no absolute authority. No nation will be eager to subject itself to the strain and sacrifice of coercive action unless its own interests are sharply involved. But the question is whether, in a world that increasingly detests war and mistrusts force as a instrument of international policy, the various national Parliaments or Governments will in general have sufficient loyalty to the League, sufficient public spirit and sense of reality, to be ready to face the prospects of war not in defence of their own frontiers or immediate national interests, but simply to maintain the peace of the world.”

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Gilbert Murray

The Ordeal of This Generation: The War, the League and the Future (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1929), p. 91

“This service of civilization is our true work; the occupation that gives meaning to life. We need peace, inward and outward, because peace leaves us free to attend to it; while war—or, indeed, any violent hatred—interrupts and wrecks and perverts.”

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Gilbert Murray

1920s, The Ordeal of This Generation: The War, the League and the Future (1929)
Fuente: "Peace and Strife as Elements in Life: The Ideal of "“Unhindered Activity”", p. 39

“[I]f we lay at all too much stress on the need of warlike preparations for quelling the peace-breaker, we find ourselves on a very slippery slope. ... It is all a perpetuation of war, not a planting of peace: a hardening in old error, not a change of heart. One of the most advanced French advocates of the League once said to me that the true guarantee of peace in Europe was a strong French Army and a strong British Navy. The sort of man who thinks that is the sort of man who ought never to be allowed to touch international affairs. Remove that implication. Accept freely, and put into practice, the principles of genuine and equal Disarmament, and then your preparation for Sanctions is perfectly right. To put crushing Sanctions in the hands of two particular Powers, or of an alliance of certain highly armed Powers, would be a crime against humanity.”

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Gilbert Murray

1920s, The Ordeal of This Generation: The War, the League and the Future (1929)
Fuente: "The Felt Need. The Three Principles of the Covenant: Conference, Law, Sanctions", pp. 88-89

“[T]he Victorian Age... cared more for life than for thought; consequently it produced abundant and fine life, while its thought was comparatively unambitious and aimed mainly at serving the practical purposes of life. It cared intensely for morals and little for metaphysics; a good deal for religion and scarcely at all for theology... It had an immense faith, a faith in goodness, in duty, in the future of mankind.”

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Gilbert Murray

1920s, The Ordeal of This Generation: The War, the League and the Future (1929)
Fuente: "The Civilization of the Nineteenth Century: Its Greatness and the Flaw which led to its Collapse", p. 51

“[T]he main work of life lies in carrying on worthily the great common task of civilization: to play one's due part in the enterprise of feeding some hundreds of millions of men, in seeing that they are protected against violence and fraud, that they have access to justice, and as far as may be to education, that they have some freedom to pursue life and happiness, and are not cut off altogether from the wonders and beauties of the world and the mind of man. To succeed in doing this is civilization: to fail is the defeat of civilization. For civilization is, ultimately, the process whereby a human society in search, as Aristotle puts it, of a "good life for man", gradually overcomes the obstacles, material and other, that stand in its way and makes man increasingly master of his environment.”

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Gilbert Murray

1920s, The Ordeal of This Generation: The War, the League and the Future (1929)
Fuente: "Peace and Strife as Elements in Life: The Ideal of “Unhindered Activity”", pp. 37-38