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Frases de John Henry Schwarz

John Henry Schwarz es un físico teórico estadounidense. Junto con Yoichiro Nambu, Holger Bech Nielsen, Gabriele Veneziano, Michael Green, Leonard Susskind, Edward Witten y Jöel Scherk es considerado como uno de los padres de la teoría de cuerdas.

Estudió matemáticas en la Universidad de Harvard y física teórica en la Universidad de California, donde su asesor de postgrado fue Geoffrey Chew. Durante varios años fue uno de los pocos físicos que consideraron la teoría de cuerdas como una teoría viable de la gravedad cuántica. Con Michael Green desarrolló el Mecanismo Green-Schwarz lo que provocó la primera revolución de supercuerdas en 1984, que contribuyó en gran medida a convertir a la teoría de cuerdas como una de las principales líneas de investigación en física teórica.

Schwarz fue profesor asistente en la Universidad de Princeton desde 1966 hasta 1972. Luego se trasladó al Instituto de Tecnología de California , donde actualmente es el profesor de Física Teórica. Es miembro de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias y recibió la Medalla Dirac del Centro Internacional de Física Teórica en 1989, así como el Premio Dannie Heineman de Física Matemática de la Sociedad Americana de Física en 2002. Wikipedia  

✵ 22. noviembre 1941
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John Henry Schwarz: Frases en inglés

“Supergravity theories generically contain non-compact global symmetry groups. The general rule is that the scalar fields of the theory in question parametrize a symmetric space. Thus, if the non-compact symmetry group is G, and its maximal compact subgroup is H, the scalar fields map the space-time into the symmetric space G/H, and the number of scalar fields is dim G – dim H. The first supergravity example of this type to be found, N = 4 supergravity is one of the most interesting. In this case there are two scalar fields and the symmetric space is SL(2,R)/SO(2).”

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John Henry Schwarz

p. 1

“In the early 1960s there existed a successful quantum theory of the electromagnetic force (QED), which was completed in the late 1940s, but the theories of the weak and strong nuclear forces were not yet known. In UC Berkeley, where I was a graduate student during the period 1962 – 66, the emphasis was on developing a theory of the strong nuclear force. I felt that UC Berkeley was the center of the Universe for high energy theory at the time. Geoffrey Chew (my thesis advisor) and Stanley Mandelstam were highly influential leaders. Also, Steve Weinberg and Shelly Glashow were impressive younger faculty members. David Gross was a contemporaneous Chew student with whom I shared an office.”

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John Henry Schwarz

[Schwarz, J. H., The early years of string theory: a personal perspective, https://arxiv.org/pdf/0708.1917.pdf, 2007]

“Among the problems of the known string theories, as a theory of hadrons, was the fact that the spectrum of open strings contains massless spin 1 particles, and the spectrum of closed strings contains a massless spin 2 particle (as well as other massless particles), but there are no massless hadrons. In 1974, Joël Scherk and I decided to take string theory seriously as it stood, rather than forcing it to conform to our preconceptions. … Specifically, Scherk and Schwarz (1974) proposed trying to interpret string theory as a unified quantum theory of all forces including gravity. Neveu and Scherk (1972) had shown that string theory incorporates the correct gauge invariances to ensure agreement at low energies (compared to the scale given by the string tension) with Yang-Mills theory. Yoneya (1973,1974) and Scherk and Schwarz (1974) showed that it also contains gauge invariances that ensure agreement at low energies with general relativity.”

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John Henry Schwarz

[Schwarz, J. H., The early history of string theory and supersymmetry, 2012, https://arxiv.org/abs/1201.0981]

“As I once told a newspaper reporter, in order to be sure to be quoted: discovery of supersymmetry would be more profound than life on Mars.”

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[Schwarz, J. H., Introduction to superstring theory, 2000, arXiv preprint arXiv:hep-ex/0008017, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ex/0008017] p. 5

“The second superstring revolution (1994-??) has brought non-perturbative string physics within reach. The key discoveries were the recognition of amazing and surprising "dualities." They have taught us that what we viewed previously as five theories is in fact five different perturbative expansions of a single underlying theory about five different points! It is now clear that there is a unique theory, though it may allow many different vacua…. Three different kinds of dualities, called S, T, and U have been identified."”

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pp. 4–5

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