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Frases de William Bradford Shockley

William Bradford Shockley fue un físico estadounidense. En conjunto con John Bardeen y Walter Houser Brattain, obtuvo el premio Nobel de Física en 1956 "por sus investigaciones sobre semiconductores y el descubrimiento del Transistor."[1]​

En 1955, Shockley abandonó los laboratorios Bell y regresó a su ciudad natal, Palo Alto, California, en las proximidades de la Universidad de Stanford, para crear su propia empresa, Shockley Semiconductors Laboratory, con el apoyo económico de Arnold Beckman, de Beckman Instruments. Contando con la influencia de su prestigio y el respaldo económico de Beckman Instruments trato de convencer a varios de sus compañeros de trabajo de Bell que se unieran a él en la nueva empresa; ninguno quiso. Por lo tanto empezó a rebuscar en las universidades a los más destacados estudiantes para formar con ellos la empresa. Pero, dado su estilo empresarial, ocho de los investigadores abandonaron la compañía en 1957 para formar la empresa Fairchild Semiconductor. Entre ellos estaban Robert Noyce y Gordon Moore que más tarde crearían Intel.

A finales de los años 1960, Shockley realizó unas controvertidas declaraciones acerca de las diferencias intelectuales entre las razas, defendiendo que las pruebas de inteligencia mostraban un factor genético en la capacidad intelectual revelando que los afro-estadounidenses eran inferiores a los estadounidenses caucásicos y que la mayor tasa de reproducción entre los primeros ejercía un efecto regresivo en la evolución.

Entre sus publicaciones destaca "Electrones y huecos en el semiconductor", obra publicada en 1950. Wikipedia  

✵ 13. febrero 1910 – 12. agosto 1989
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William Bradford Shockley: Frases en inglés

“I had one experience which gave me some slant on the way large organizations run. I was not allowed to take spherical trigonometry because I'd sprained my ankle. Because I'd sprained my ankle I had an incomplete in gym, phys ed. And the rule was that if you had an incomplete in anything, you were not allowed to take an overload. I argued with some clerical person in the administration office, and was stopped there. It's an experience which I've remembered since, and advised people not to be stopped at the first point.”

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William Shockley

Interview in 1974, quoted at "William Shockley" profile at PBS http://www.pbs.org/transistor/album1/shockley/index.html

“My research leads me inescapably to the opinion that the major cause of the American Negro's intellectual and social deficits is hereditary and racial genetic in origin and thus not remediable to a major degree by practical improvements in environment.”

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William Shockley

Interview with Black journal.

“Nature has color-coded groups of individuals so that statistically reliable predictions of their adaptability to intellectual rewarding and effective lives can easily be made and profitably used by the pragmatic man-in-the street.”

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William Shockley

As quoted in "Shockley's Race View called 'Senile, Fascist'" in St. Petersburg Times (8 September 1971) http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=888&dat=19710908&id=sewNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vnUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4930,1230689

“I am overwhelmed by an irresistible temptation to do my climb by moonlight and unroped. This is contrary to all my rock climbing teaching & does not mean poor training, but only a strong-headedness.”

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William Shockley

Memo to himself in 1947, regarding work on the transistor, as quoted in Broken Genius : The Rise and Fall of William Shockley, Creator of the Electronic Age (2006) by Joel N. Shurkin, Ch. 7, p. 125.

“If you take a bale of hay and tie it to the tail of a mule and then strike a match and set the bale of hay on fire, and if you then compare the energy expended shortly thereafter by the mule with the energy expended by yourself in the striking of the match, you will understand the concept of amplification.”

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William Shockley

As quoted in The Chip War : The Battle for the World of Tomorrow (1989) by Fred Warshofsky, p. 21.