Frases de Galileo Galilei (96 citas, página 2)

Galileo Galilei: 96 frases 35 Me gusta

Frases célebres de Galileo Galilei

“Que disfrutes por muchos años de aquellas buenas bendiciones que te son enviadas a ti, no tanto de las estrellas, sino de Dios, el Creador y Gobernador de las estrellas.”

Galileo Galilei

"The Sidereal Messenger", (Enviado por Galileo desde Christ's Hospital, a Cosme I de Médici, Gran Duque de Toscana, el 12 de marzo de 1610),

“Toda verdad es fácil de comprender una vez que ha sido descubierta, el problema es descubrirla”

Galileo Galilei

“Las matemáticas son el lenguaje con el que Dios ha escrito el universo.”

Galileo Galilei

“No se puede enseñar nada a un hombre; sólo se le puede ayudar a encontrar la respuesta dentro de sí mismo.”

Galileo Galilei

“La mayor sabiduría que existe es conocerse a uno mismo.”

Galileo Galilei

“Mide lo que sea medible y haz medible lo que no lo sea.”

Galileo Galilei

Frases sobre la naturaleza. de Galileo Galilei

“La Sagrada Escritura y la naturaleza proceden ambas del Verbo Divino, pero en tanto que la palabra de Dios ha debido adaptarse al limitado entendimiento de los hombres a los cuales se dirigía, la naturaleza es inexorable e inmutable y que no se cuida de sus recónditas razones sea o no comprendidas por los hombres.”

Galileo Galilei

“Me parece que, al discutir los problemas naturales, no se debería partir de la autoridad de los pasajes de la Escritura, sino de la experiencia de los sentidos y de las demostraciones necesarias. Porque la Sagrada Escritura y la naturaleza proceden igualmente del Verbo divino, aquélla como dictado del Espíritu Santo, y ésta como la ejecutora perfectamente fiel de las órdenes de Dios.”

Galileo Galilei

“… está escrita en ese grandísimo libro [de la naturaleza] que continuamente está abierto a los ojos (me refiero al universo), pero no se puede entender si antes no se aprende a entender la lengua, y conocer los caracteres en los que está escrito. Este libro está escrito en lengua matemática, y los caracteres son triángulos, círculos, y otras figuras geométricas, sin las cuales es imposible entender ni una palabra; sin ellos es como girar vanamente en un oscuro laberinto.”

Galileo Galilei libro El ensayador

Fuente: El ensayador. Galileo Galilei. Editorial Aguilar. Buenos Aires, 1981, pág. 63. Citado en: El tapiz humanista: actas del I Curso de Primavera sobre el IV Centenario del Quijote http://books.google.es/books?id=JEy2eXR3R4MC&pg=PA190: Lugo, 9-12 de mayo de 2005. Ana Goya Diz, Cristina Patiño Eirín (ed.). Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 2006. ISBN 84-9750-628-6, pág. 190

“Las palabras de la Escritura no están constreñidas a obligaciones tan severas como los efectos de la naturaleza, y Dios no se revela de modo menos excelente en los efectos de la naturaleza que en las palabras sagradas de las Escrituras.”

Galileo Galilei

"Cartas Copernianas" [//es.wikisource.org/wiki/Cartas_copernicanas].

“Tanto las Sagradas Escrituras como la naturaleza proceden de la divina palabra […, ] dos verdades no pueden contradecirse mutuamente.”

Galileo Galilei

Galileo Galilei Frases y Citas

“Infinito es el número de necios, de aquellos que no saben nada. Bastantes son los que saben poquísimo de filosofía, pocos son los que saben alguna cosilla pequeña, poquísimos los que saben alguna parte, un sólo Dios es el que la sabe toda.”

Galileo Galilei

Il Saggiatore ("El Ensayador"), Capítulo VI, (1623).

De arte

“En lo tocante a ciencia, la autoridad de un millar no es superior al humilde razonamiento de un hombre.”

Galileo Galilei

De hombres , Ciencia

“Todas las verdades son fáciles de entender, una vez descubiertas. El caso es descubrirlas.”

Galileo Galilei

De verdad

“No me siento obligado a creer que Dios que nos ha dotado de inteligencia, sentido común y raciocinio, si tuviera como objetivo privarnos de su uso.”

Galileo Galilei

De Dios , Sentido , Inteligencia

“Nunca he encontrado una persona tan ignorante que no se pueda aprender algo de ella.”

Galileo Galilei

“Abjuro […] los susodichos errores y herejías […] no diré nunca más […] cosas por las cuales se pueda tener de mí semejante sospecha.”

Galileo Galilei

Error

“Recordando que la sabiduría y el poder y la bondad del Creador en ninguna parte se muestra tan bien como en los cielos y los cuerpos celestes, podemos fácilmente reconocer el gran mérito de Aquél que ha traído estos cuerpos a nuestro conocimiento, y que, a pesar de su casi infinita distancia, los ha presentado fácilmente visibles.”

Galileo Galilei

Extraido del "Discurso y demostración matemática, en torno a dos nuevas ciencias" (1638)

De arte , De sabiduría , Conocimiento

“Aquellos que exaltan tanto la incorruptibilidad e inalterabilidad, etc., creo que se ven obligados a hacerlo por el deseo que tienen de vivir mucho y el terror a la Muerte; y sin considerar que si fuésemos inmortales no nos correspondería venir al mundo. Merecen encontrarse una cabeza de Medusa, que los transforme en estatuas de ópalo o de diamante, para alcanzar la perfección que no tienen.”

Galileo Galilei

Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo http://www.liberliber.it/biblioteca/g/galilei/le_opere_di_galileo_galilei_edizione_nazionale_sotto_gli_etc/pdf/le_ope_p.pdf.

De fe , De mundo , Perfección

“El motivo, pues, que ellos aducen para condenar la teoría de la movilidad de la Tierra y la estabilidad del Sol es el siguiente: que leyéndose en muchos párrafos de las Sagradas Escrituras que el Sol se mueve y la Tierra se encuentra inmóvil, y no pudiendo ellas jamás mentir o errar, de ahí se deduce que es errónea y condenable la afirmación de quien pretenda postular que el Sol sea inmóvil y la Tierra se mueva. Contra dicha opinión quisiera yo objetar que, es y ha sido santísimamente dicho, y establecido con toda prudencia, que en ningún caso las Sagradas Escrituras pueden estar equivocadas, siempre que sean bien interpretadas; no creo que nadie pueda negar que muchas veces el puro significado de las palabras se halla oculto y es muy diferente de su sonido. Por consiguiente, no es de extrañar que alguno al interpretarlas, quedándose dentro de los estrechos límites de la pura interpretación literal, pudiera, equivocándose, hacer aparecer en las Escrituras no sólo contradicciones y postulados sin relación alguna con los mencionados, sino también herejías y blasfemias.”

Galileo Galilei

Extracto de "Cartas Copernianas" [//es.wikisource.org/wiki/Cartas_copernicanas].

De fe

“Como se supone que termine algo, si aquellos peripatéticos a quienes hay que convencer se cierran hasta al argumento más sencillo.”

Galileo Galilei

“Creo que en la discusión de los problemas naturales, deberíamos comenzar no con las escrituras, sino con experimentos y demostraciones.”

Galileo Galilei

Problema

“Si se me permite revelar todo mi pensamiento: sin duda sería más conveniente para la dignidad de los Textos Sagrados que no se tolerara que los más superficiales y los más ignaros de los escritores los comprometieran, salpicando sus escritos con citas interpretadas o más bien extraídas en sentidos alejados de la recta intención de la Escritura, sin otro fin que la ostentación de un vano ornamento.”

Galileo Galilei

Sentido

“Yo diría aquí algo que escuché de un eclesiástico del grado más eminente: "La intención del Espíritu Santo es enseñarnos cómo se va al cielo, no cómo funcionan los cielos".”

Galileo Galilei

Variante: «La Biblia enseña a llegar al cielo; no cómo funcionan los cielos».
Fuente: El Cardenal Caesar Baronius (31 de octubre de 1538 - 30 de junio de 1607), historiador y cardenal italiano
Fuente: Carta a la gran duquesa Cristina. Citado en: Deliberation, Democracy, and the Media http://books.google.es/books?id=noNRxJnaPC8C&pg=PA207. Simone Chambers, Anne N. Costain, Rowman & Littlefield, 2000. ISBN 0-8476-9811-4, pág. 207

“En lo tocante a ciencia, la autoridad de miles de opiniones no vale más, que una chispa de razonamiento de un hombre. Porque las observaciones presentes quitan la autoridad a lo decretado por escritores pasados, que considera si lo hubieran hecho, habrían determinado de otro modo.”

Galileo Galilei

Pasado , Ciencia , De hombres

“Pienso que la constante actividad en vuestro famoso arsenal, señores venecianos, ofrece un gran campo para filosofar a los intelectos que especulan, especialmente en aquella parte que se denomina mecánica, donde se construyen continuamente todo tipo de instrumentos y de máquinas.”

Galileo Galilei

Extraido del "Discurso y demostración matemática, en torno a dos nuevas ciencias" (1638)

Galileo Galilei: Frases en inglés

“With regard to matters requiring thought: the less people know and understand about them, the more positively they attempt to argue concerning them.”

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Galileo Galilei

“See now the power of truth; the same experiment which at first glance seemed to show one thing, when more carefully examined, assures us of the contrary.”

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Galileo Galilei

Discourses and Mathematical Demonstrations Relating to Two New Sciences (1638); Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche, intorno à due nuove scienze, as translated by Henry Crew and Alfonso de Salvio (1914)
Other quotes
Fuente: Discorsi E Dimostrazioni Matematiche: Intorno a Due Nuoue Scienze, Attenenti Alla Mecanica & I Movimenti Locali

“By denying scientific principles, one may maintain any paradox.”

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Galileo Galilei

“It is surely harmful to souls to make it a heresy to believe what is proved.”

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Galileo Galilei

“Names and attributes must be accommodated to the essence of things, and not the essence to the names, since things come first and names afterwards.”

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Galileo Galilei

Variant translation: Names and attributes must be accommodated to the essence of things, and not the essence to the names, because things came first, and their names subsequently.
Other quotes
Fuente: As quoted in Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1957) by Stillman Drake, p. 92

“Philosophy is written in this grand book, which stands continually open before our eyes (I say the 'Universe'), but can not be understood without first learning to comprehend the language and know the characters as it is written. It is written in mathematical language, and its characters are triangles, circles and other geometric figures, without which it is impossible to humanly understand a word; without these one is wandering in a dark labyrinth.”

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Galileo Galilei libro El ensayador

From Italian: La filosofia è scritta in questo grandissimo libro, che continuamente ci sta aperto innanzi agli occhi (io dico l'Universo), ma non si può intendere, se prima non il sapere a intender la lingua, e conoscer i caratteri ne quali è scritto. Egli è scritto in lingua matematica, e i caratteri son triangoli, cerchi ed altre figure geometriche, senza i quali mezzi è impossibile intenderne umanamente parola; senza questi è un aggirarsi vanamente per un oscuro labirinto.
Other translations:
Philosophy is written in that great book which ever lies before our eyes — I mean the universe — but we cannot understand it if we do not first learn the language and grasp the symbols, in which it is written. This book is written in the mathematical language, and the symbols are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures, without whose help it is impossible to comprehend a single word of it; without which one wanders in vain through a dark labyrinth.
The Assayer (1623), as translated by Thomas Salusbury (1661), p. 178, as quoted in The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Science (2003) by Edwin Arthur Burtt, p. 75.
Philosophy is written in this grand book — I mean the universe — which stands continually open to our gaze, but it cannot be understood unless one first learns to comprehend the language in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and its characters are triangles, circles, and other geometric figures, without which it is humanly impossible to understand a single word of it; without these, one is wandering about in a dark labyrinth.
As translated in The Philosophy of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (1966) by Richard Henry Popkin, p. 65
Il Saggiatore (1623)
Fuente: Galilei, Galileo. Il Saggiatore: Nel Quale Con Bilancia Efquifita E Giufta Si Ponderano Le Cofe Contenute Nellalibra Astronomica E Filosofica Di Lotario Sarsi Sigensano, Scritto in Forma Di Lettera All'Illustr. Et Rever. Mons. D. Virginio Cesarini. In Roma: G. Mascardi, 1623. Google Play. Google. Web. 22 Dec. 2015. <https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=-U0ZAAAAYAAJ>.

“What was observed by us in the third place is the nature or matter of the Milky Way itself, which, with the aid of the spyglass, may be observed so well that all the disputes that for so many generations have vexed philosophers are destroyed by visible certainty, and we are liberated from wordy arguments.”
Quòd tertio loco à nobis fuit obſeruatum, eſt ipſiuſmet LACTEI Circuli eſſentia, ſeu materies, quam Perſpicilli beneficio adeò ad ſenſum licet intueri, vt & altercationes omnes, quæ per tot ſæcula Philoſophos excrucia runt ab oculata certitudine dirimantur, nosque à verboſis dſputationibus liberemur.

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Galileo Galilei libro Sidereus Nuncius

Original text as reproduced in Edward Tufte, Beautiful Evidence (Cheshire, Connecticut: Graphics Press LLC, 2006), 101 (p. 3 of 4, insert between pp. 16V & 17R. Original manuscript renders the "q" in "nosque" with acute accent.)
Translation by Albert Van Helden in Sidereus Nuncius (Chicago, 1989), 62
Sidereus Nuncius (Venice, 1609)

“After the publication of my dialogues, I was summoned to Rome by the Congregation of the holy Office, where, being arrived on the 10th of February 1633, I was subjected to the infinite clemency of that tribunal, and of the Sovereign Pontiff, Urban the Eighth; who, notwithstanding, thought me deserving of his esteem.”

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Galileo Galilei

Fuente: Letter to Fr. Vincenzo Renieri (c. 1633), pp. 145–146

“Well, since paradoxes are at hand, let us see how it might be demonstrated that in a finite continuous extension it is not impossible for infinitely many voids to be found.”

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Galileo Galilei

Salviati, First Day, Stillman Drake translation (1974)
Dialogues and Mathematical Demonstrations Concerning Two New Sciences (1638)

“I have been in my bed for five weeks, oppressed with weakness and other infirmities from which my age, seventy four years, permits me not to hope release. Added to this (proh dolor! [O misery! ]) the sight of my right eye — that eye whose labors (dare I say it) have had such glorious results — is for ever lost. That of the left, which was and is imperfect, is rendered null by continual weeping.”

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Galileo Galilei

Letter to Élie Diodati (4 July 1637), as translated in The Private Life of Galileo : Compiled primarily from his correspondence and that of his eldest daughter, Sister Maria Celeste (1870) http://books.google.com/books?id=ixUCAAAAYAAJ by Mary Allan-Olney, p. 278
Other quotes

“Whence do you have it that the terrestrial globe is so heavy? For my part, either I do not know what heaviness is, or the terrestrial globe is neither heavy nor light, as likewise all other globes of the universe. Heaviness to me (and I believe to Nature) is that innate tendency by which a body resists being moved from its natural place and by which, when forcibly removed therefrom, it spontaneously returns there. Thus a bucketful of water raised on high and set free, returns to the sea; but who will say that the same water remains heavy in the sea, when being set free there, does not move?”

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Galileo Galilei

Letter to Francesco Ingoli (1624)

“Mathematics is the key and door to the sciences.”

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Galileo Galilei

As quoted in Building Fluency Through Practice and Performance (2008) by Timothy Rasinski and Lorraine Griffith, p. 64, but in fact a quotation by Roger Bacon: Et harum scientiarum porta et clavis est Mathematica, "And of these sciences the door and key is mathematics", from Bacon's Opus Majus (1267) https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UfqcGd8NOFsC&pg=PA97&lpg=PA97&dq=%22porta+et+clavis%22+opus+majus&source=bl&ots=nGgt2Lhxqe&sig=88kIPB5EAKAKtm0APk6J5OrS1D0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiU36D2gIbLAhVBWBQKHSW9CKgQ6AEINDAE#v=onepage&q=%22porta%20et%20clavis%22%20opus%20majus&f=false.
Attributed

“I would say here something that was heard from an ecclesiastic of the most eminent degree [probably Caesar Baronius]: "The intention of the Holy Ghost is to teach us how one goes to heaven, not how heaven goes."”

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Galileo Galilei Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina

Variant translation: I would say here something that was heard from an ecclesiastic of the most eminent degree: "That the intention of the Holy Spirit is to teach us how one goes to heaven, not how the heavens go."
Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina (1615)

“I tell you that if natural bodies have it from Nature to be moved by any movement, this can only be circular motion, nor is it possible that Nature has given to any of its integral bodies a propensity to be moved by straight motion. I have many confirmations of this proposition, but for the present one alone suffices, which is this. I suppose the parts of the universe to be in the best arrangement, so that none is out of its place, which is to say that Nature and God have perfectly arranged their structure. This being so, it is impossible for those parts to have it from Nature to be moved in straight, or in other than circular motion, because what moves straight changes place, and if it changes place naturally, then it was at first in a place preternatural to it, which goes against the supposition. Therefore, if the parts of the world are well ordered, straight motion is superfluous and not natural, and they can only have it when some body is forcibly removed from its natural place, to which it would then return by a straight line, for thus it appears that a part of the earth does [move] when separated from its whole. I said "it appears to us," because I am not against thinking that not even for such an effect does Nature make use of straight line motion.”

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Galileo Galilei

A note on this statement is included by Stillman Drake in his Galileo at Work, His Scientific Biography (1981): Galileo adhered to this position in his Dialogue at least as to the "integral bodies of the universe." by which he meant stars and planets, here called "parts of the universe." But he did not attempt to explain the planetary motions on any mechanical basis, nor does this argument from "best arrangement" have any bearing on inertial motion, which to Galileo was indifference to motion and rest and not a tendency to move, either circularly or straight.
Letter to Francesco Ingoli (1624)

“It seems to me proper to adorn the Author's thought here with its conformity to a conception of Plato's regarding the determination of the various speeds of equable motion in the celestial motions of revolution. …he said that God, after having created the movable celestial bodies, in order to assign to them those speeds with which they must be moved perpetually in equable circular motion, made them depart from rest and move through determinate spaces in that natural straight motion in which we sensibly see our moveables to be moved from the state of rest, successively accelerating. And he added that these having been made to gain that degree [of speed] which it pleased God that they should maintain forever, He turned their straight motion into circulation, the only kind [of motion] that is suitable to be conserved equably, turning always without retreat from or approach toward any pre-established goal desired by them. The conception is truly worthy of Plato, and it is to be more esteemed to the extent that its foundations, of which Plato remained silent, but which were discovered by our Author in removing their poetical mask or semblance, show it the guise of a true story.”

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Galileo Galilei

I. Bernard Cohen's thesis: Galileo believed only circular (not straight line) motion may be conserved (perpetual), see The New Birth of Physics (1960).
Sagredo, Day Four, Stillman Drake translation (1974) pp.283-284
Dialogues and Mathematical Demonstrations Concerning Two New Sciences (1638)

“If I shall have sufficient strength to improve and amplify what was written and published by me up to now about motion by adding some little speculations, and in particular those relating to the force of percussion, in the investigation of which I have consumed hundreds and thousands of hours, and finally reduced this to very easy explanation, so that people can understand it in less than half an hour of time.”

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Galileo Galilei

Letter to Giovanni Battista Baliani (1639)

“I am certainly interested in a tribunal in which, for having used my reason, I was deemed little less than a heretic. Who knows but men will reduce me from the profession of a philosopher to that of historian of the Inquisition! But they behave to me in order that I may become the ignoramus and the fool of Italy…”

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Galileo Galilei

Fuente: Letter to Fr. Vincenzo Renieri (c. 1633), p. 244

“It now remains that we find the amount of time of descent through the channel. This we shall obtain from the marvelous property of the pendulum, which is that it makes all its vibrations, large or small, in equal times. This requires, once and for all, that two or three or four patient and curious friends, having noted a fixed star that stands against some fixed marker, taking a pendulum of any length, shall go counting its vibrations during the whole time of return of the fixed star to its original point, and this will be the number of vibrations in 24 hours. From the number of these we can find the number of vibrations of any other pendulums, longer or shorter, at will, so that if for example those counted by us in 24 hours were 234,567, then taking another shorter pendulum with which one counts 800 vibrations while another counts 150 of the longer pendulum, we already have, by the golden rule, the number of vibrations for the whole time of 24 hours; and if we want to know the time of descent through the channel, we can easily find not only the minutes, seconds, and sixtieths of seconds, but beyond that as we please. It is true that we can pass a more exact measure by having observed the flow of water through a thin passage, for by collecting this and having weighed what passes in one minute, for example, then by weighing what passes in the time of descent through the channel we can find the most exact measure and quantity of this time, especially by making use of a balance so precise as to weigh one sixtieth of a grain.”

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Galileo Galilei

Letter to Giovanni Battista Baliani (1639)

“And yet it moves.”

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Galileo Galilei

Or "still it moves" is a comment he is alleged to have made in regard to the Earth after his recantation before the Inquisition. Giuseppe Baretti was apparently the first person to record the story. Noted as a misattribution in Paul F. Boller, John George, They Never Said It: A Book of Fake Quotes, Misquotes, and Misleading Attributions (1990), p. 30.
Disputed

“Revealing great, unusual, and remarkable spectacles, opening these to the consideration of every man, and especially of philosophers and astronomers; as observed by Galileo Galilei, Gentleman of Florence, Professor of Mathematics in the University of Padua, with the aid of a spyglass lately invented by him, in the surface of the Moon, in innumerable fixed stars, in nebulae, and above all in four planets swiftly revolving about Jupiter at differing distances and periods, and known to no one before the author recently perceived them and decided they should be named the Medicean Stars”

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Galileo Galilei libro Sidereus Nuncius

Translation by Stillman Drake in Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1957)
Sidereus Nuncius (Venice, 1609)

“I mentally conceive of some moveable [sphere] projected on a horizontal plane, all impediments being put aside. Now it is evident… that equable motion on this plane would be perpetual if the plane were of infinite extent, but if we assume it to be ended, and [situated] on high, the movable, driven to the end of this plane and going on further, adds on to its previous equable and indelible motion, that downward tendency which it has from its heaviness. Thus, there emerges a certain motion, compounded…”

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Galileo Galilei

Author, Day Four, On the Motion of Projectiles, Stillman Drake translation (1974) p. 268
Dialogues and Mathematical Demonstrations Concerning Two New Sciences (1638)

“About ten months ago a report reached my ears that a certain Fleming had constructed a spyglass by means of which visible objects, though very distant from the eye of the observer, were distinctly seen as if nearby. Of the truly remarkable effect several experiences were related, to which some persons gave credence while others denied them. A few days later a report was confirmed to me in a letter from a noble Frenchman in Paris, Jacques Badovere, which caused me to apply myself wholeheartedly to inquire into means by which I might arrive at the invention of a similar instrument. This I did shortly afterwards, my basis being the theory of refraction. First I prepared a tube of lead, at the ends I fitted two glass lenses, both plane on one side while on the other side one was spherically convex and the other concave. Then placing my eye near the concave lens I perceived objects satisfactorily large and near, for they appeared three times closer and nine times larger than when seen with the naked eye alone. Next I constructed another one, more accurate, which represented objects as enlarged more than sixty times. Finally, sparing neither labor nor expense, I succeeded in constructing for myself so excellent an instrument that objects seen by means of it appeared nearly one thousand times larger and over thirty times closer than when regarded with our natural vision.”

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Galileo Galilei libro Sidereus Nuncius

Translation by Stillman Drake in Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1957)
Sidereus Nuncius (Venice, 1609)

“Proposition I. Theorem I: When a projectile is carried in motion compounded from equable horizontal and from naturally accelerated downward [motions], it describes a semiparabolic line in its movement.”

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Galileo Galilei

Author, Day Four, Stillman Drake translation (1974) p. 269
Dialogues and Mathematical Demonstrations Concerning Two New Sciences (1638)

“Surely it is a great thing to increase the numerous host of fixed stars previously visible to the unaided vision, adding countless more which have never before been seen, exposing these plainly to the eye in numbers ten times exceeding the old and familiar stars.”

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Galileo Galilei libro Sidereus Nuncius

Translation by Stillman Drake in Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (1957)
Sidereus Nuncius (Venice, 1609)

“Persisting in their original resolve to destroy me and everything mine by any means they can think of, these men are aware of my views in astronomy and philosophy. They know that as to the arrangement of the parts of the universe, I hold the sun to be situated motionless in the center of the revolution of the celestial orbs while the earth revolves about the sun. They know also that I support this position not only by refuting the arguments of Ptolemy and Aristotle, but by producing many counter-arguments; in particular, some which relate to physical effects whose causes can perhaps be assigned in no other way. In addition there are astronomical arguments derived from many things in my new celestial discoveries that plainly confute the Ptolemaic system while admirably agreeing with and confirming the contrary hypothesis.”

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Galileo Galilei Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina

Variant translation: I hold that the Sun is located at the centre of the revolutions of the heavenly orbs and does not change place, and that the Earth rotates on itself and moves around it. Moreover … I confirm this view not only by refuting Ptolemy's and Aristotle's arguments, but also by producing many for the other side, especially some pertaining to physical effects whose causes perhaps cannot be determined in any other way, and other astronomical discoveries; these discoveries clearly confute the Ptolemaic system, and they agree admirably with this other position and confirm it.
Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina (1615)