Frases de Joseph E. Stiglitz (61 citas)

Joseph E. Stiglitz: 61 frases 15 Me gusta

Frases célebres de Joseph E. Stiglitz

“Lo que preocupa es que la globalización esté produciendo países ricos con población pobre.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

“Se necesitan políticas para un crecimiento sostenible, equitativo y democrático. Esta es la razón del desarrollo. El desarrollo no consiste en ayudar a unos pocos individuos a enriquecerse o en crear un puñado de absurdas industrias protegidas que solo benefician a la elite del país; no consiste en traer a Prada y Benetton, Ralph Lauren o Louis Vuitton para los ricos de las ciudades, abandonando a los pobres del campo de su miseria. El que se pudieran comprar bolsos de Gucci en los grandes almacenes de Moscú no significo que el país se había vuelto una economía de mercado. El desarrollo consiste en transformar las sociedades, mejorar las vidas de los pobres, permitir que todos tengan la oportunidad de salir adelante y acceder a la salud y a la educación. Este tipo de desarrollo no tendrá lugar si sólo unos pocos dictan las políticas que deberá seguir un país. Conseguir que se tomen decisiones democráticas quiere decir garantizar que un abanico de economistas, funcionarios y expertos de los países en desarrollo estén activamente involucrados en el debate. También implica una amplia participación que va bastante más allá de los expertos y los políticos. Los países en desarrollo deben tomar las riendas de su propio porvenir. Pero nosotros en occidente no podemos eludir nuestras responsabilidades”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

“abril 2001 -- sobre el Fondo Monetario Internacional”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

“Sobre la pobreza: la pobreza es como vivir en la cárcel, vivir esclavizado esperando ser libre.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

“Con frecuencia, los países en vías de desarrollo se encuentran atrapados entre 2 opciones desagradables: la suspensión de pagos, que conlleva el temor al colapso de la economía, o la aceptación de ayuda (préstamos), que conlleva la pérdida de la soberanía económica.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

“Sobre la devaluación del dólar y las reservas: pero es aquí dónde China y Japón tienen un problema: acumulan tantos dólares que, si quisieran vender un cantidad significativa de ellos, el dólar se devaluaría, provocando pérdidas en los que aún les quedases.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

Joseph E. Stiglitz Frases y Citas

“A largo plazo, los cambios más importantes que se requieren para hacer que la globalización funcione son las reformas para reducir el déficit democrático.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

Tomado de Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización?, 2006 p. 284
Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización? (2006)
Fuente: [[Stiglitz], Joseph Eugene., Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización?, Taurus Ediciones, 2002] ISBN 9788466334365

Cambio

“Sobre los ciudadanos de los países ricos en recursos naturales, y la corrupción: Puede que ni siquiera los consideren como su dinero, como sucedería si estuvieran financiando al gobierno con impuestos sobre sus ingresos tan duramente ganados.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

Tomado de Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización?, 2006 p. 88
Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización? (2006)
Fuente: [[Stiglitz], Joseph Eugene., Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización?, Taurus Ediciones, 2002] ISBN 9788466334365

De dinero

“Sobre los intereses de las corporaciones: Los Ángeles contaba con la red de ferrocarriles urbanos más grande del mundo (1.800 km de vías) hasta que un grupo liderado por General Motors la adquirió, la desmanteló y la sustituyó por autobuses fabricados precisamente por esa empresa.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

De mundo , De fe , Ángeles

“Sobre la crisis del este asiático de 1997: Los pasivos privados fueron nacionalizados. El FMI proporcionó a los gobiernos los dólares necesarios para devolver la deuda a los acreedores occidentales. Se protegió a los acreedores, los deudores se libraron y los contribuyentes de los países en vías de desarrollo tuvieron que soportar la carga de devolver el capital al FMI.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

“18 de octubre de 2007 -- Diario "Público”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

“A lo largo de la historia, las economías que han florecido son aquellas en las que los acuerdos se sellan con un apretón de manos. Sin confianza, los tratos de negocios basados en el consenso de que los detalles más complicados se aclararán más tarde dejan de ser posibles. Sin confianza, cada participante mira a su alrededor para ver cómo y cuándo van a traicionarle sus interlocutores.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

La gran brecha: Qué hacer con las sociedades desiguales

Historia , Confianza

“El aumento de las desigualdades corroe la confianza; tiene un impacto económico similar al de un disolvente universal. Crea un mundo económico en el que hasta los ganadores son precavidos. Y los perdedores… En toda transacción, en todo contacto con un jefe, una empresa o un burócrata, ven la mano de alguien que quiere aprovecharse de ellos.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

La gran brecha: Qué hacer con las sociedades desiguales

De mundo , Confianza

“Nadie triunfa por sí solo. Hay multitud de personas inteligentes, trabajadoras y dinámicas en los países en vías de desarrollo que permanecen en la pobreza, no porque carezcan de capacidades, ni porque no estén esforzándose lo suficiente, sino porque trabajan en unas economías que no funcionan bien.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

Tomado de El Precio de la Desigualdad, 2012 p. 170
El Precio de la Desigualdad (2012)
Fuente: [[Stiglitz], Joseph Eugene., El Precio de la Desigualdad, Punto de Lectura, 2012] ISBN 9788490626054

“El precio que se cobra el desempleo en los trabajadores es enorme y difícil de soportar. Es mejor un empleo cuya remuneración ha disminuido en términos reales unos pocos puntos porcentuales que ninguno.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

Tomado de El Precio de la Desigualdad, 2012 p. 94
El Precio de la Desigualdad (2012)
Fuente: [[Stiglitz], Joseph Eugene., El Precio de la Desigualdad, Punto de Lectura, 2012] ISBN 9788490626054

“Las nuevas tecnologías (reforzadas por las nuevas reglas comerciales) están mejorando el poder de mercado de las empresas dominantes y predominantes, como Microsoft, que son todas del mundo desarrollado; Por primera vez, en una industria global clave, hay un monopolista casi global.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

Tomado de Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización?, 2006 p. 58
Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización? (2006)
Fuente: [[Stiglitz], Joseph Eugene., Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización?, Taurus Ediciones, 2002] ISBN 9788466334365

De mundo

“En parte, el libre comercio no ha funcionado porque no lo hemos intentado: los acuerdos comerciales del pasado no han sido ni libres ni justos. Han sido asimétricos, abriendo mercados en los países en desarrollo productos de los países industrializados sin una reciprocidad total.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

Tomado de Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización?, 2006 p. 62
Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización? (2006)
Fuente: [[Stiglitz], Joseph Eugene., Cómo hacer que funcione la globalización?, Taurus Ediciones, 2002] ISBN 9788466334365

Pasado , De libros

“Debió haber algo en el aire de Gary que lo llevó a uno a la economía: el primer ganador del Premio Nobel, Paul Samuelson, también era de Gary, al igual que varios otros distinguidos economistas … Ciertamente, la pobreza, la discriminación, el desempleo episódico No podía dejar de sorprender a un joven inquisitivo: ¿por qué existían y qué podíamos hacer al respecto?”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

Joseph stiglitz Ensayo autobiográfico para el Premio Sveriges Riksbank en Ciencias Económicas en Memoria de Alfred Nobel, (2001)
Ensayo autobiográfico (2001)
Fuente: The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences. Consultado el 22 de julio de 2019 https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1996/mirrlees/biographical/

“Estas políticas de libre mercado nunca se basaron en sólidos fundamentos empíricos y teóricos, e incluso mientras se impulsaban muchas de estas políticas, los economistas académicos explicaban las limitaciones de los mercados, por ejemplo, cuando la información es imperfecta, es decir, siempre.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

Bleakonomics Entrevista para The New York Times Sunday Book (2007).
Fuente: Bleakonomics. Consultado el 22 de julio de 2019 https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/30/books/review/Stiglitz-t.html?_r=2&adxnnl=1&oref=slogin&ref=books&adxnnlx=1191080508-xgqHp+i170M7vW5X5Q4Yeg&oref=slogin

De libros

“La razón por la que la mano invisible a menudo parece invisible es que a menudo no está allí.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

Citado en Daniel Altman, " Managing Globalization: Q & A with Joseph Stiglitz http://blogs.iht.com/tribtalk/business/globalization/?p=177", The International Herald Tribune (2006-10-11).

“Es hipócrita pretender ayudar a los países subdesarrollados obligándolos a abrir sus mercados a los bienes de los países industrializados y al mismo tiempo proteger los mercados de estos porque hacen a los ricos más ricos y a los pobres más pobres.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

En el El malestar en la globalización, 2002 p. 121
Fuente: [[Stiglitz], Joseph Eugene., El Malestar En La Globalización, Taurus Ediciones, 2002] ISBN 9788430604784

“El 1 por ciento superior tiene las mejores casas, las mejores instituciones educativas, los mejores médicos y los mejores estilos de vida, pero hay una cosa que el dinero no parece haber comprado: comprender que su destino está relacionado con cómo los otros 99 por ciento vivo. A lo largo de la historia, esto es algo que el 1 por ciento superior eventualmente aprende. Demasiado tarde.”

Joseph E. Stiglitz

"Of the 1%, by the 1%, for the 1%", Vanity Fair, May 2011.
Fuente: Of the 1%, by the 1%, for the 1%", Vanity Fair, Consultado el 22 de julio de 2019 https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2011/05/top-one-percent-201105

Historia , De vida , De dinero , De destino

Joseph E. Stiglitz: Frases en inglés

“Rather than justice for all, we are evolving into a system of justice for those who can afford it. We have banks that are not only too big to fail, but too big to be held accountable.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

“Development is about transforming the lives of people, not just transforming economies.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz libro Making Globalization Work

Fuente: Making Globalization Work

“The theories that I (and others) helped develop explained why unfettered markets often not only do not lead to social justice, but do not even produce efficient outcomes. Interestingly, there has been no intellectual challenge to the refutation of Adam Smith’s invisible hand: individuals and firms, in the pursuit of their self-interest, are not necessarily, or in general, led as if by an invisible hand, to economic efficiency. The only question that has been raised concerns the ability of government to remedy the deficiencies of the market. Within academia, a significant fraction of economists are involved with developing and expanding on the ideas of imperfect information (and imperfect markets) that I explored. For instance, Edmund Phelps, this year’s Nobel Prize winner, belongs to this "school" of thought. But in political discourse, simplistic “market fundamentalism” continues to exert enormous influence.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Interview on Bebbe Grillo's Blog http://www.beppegrillo.it/eng/2007/01/stiglitz.html, January 2007.

“There must have been something in the air of Gary that led one into economics: the first Nobel Prize winner, Paul Samuelson, was also from Gary, as were several other distinguished economists… Certainly, the poverty, the discrimination, the episodic unemployment could not but strike an inquiring youngster: why did these exist, and what could we do about them.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Autobiographical Essay (2001)

“My teachers helped guide and motivate me; but the responsibility of learning was left with me.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Autobiographical Essay (2001)

“Most poor people earn more than minimum wage when they are working; their problem is not low wages. The problem comes when they are not working.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Economics (1993).

“1. The standard neoclassical model the formal articulation of Adam Smith's invisible hand, the contention that market economies will ensure economic efficiency provides little guidance for the choice of economic systems, since once information imperfections (and the fact that markets are incomplete) are brought into the analysis, as surely they must be, there is no presumption that markets are efficient.
2. The Lange-Lerner-Taylor theorem, asserting the equivalence of market and market socialist economies, is based on a misguided view of the market, of the central problems of resource allocation, and (not surprisingly, given the first two failures) of how the market addresses those basic problems.
3. The neoclassical paradigm, through its incorrect characterization of the market economies and the central problems of resource allocation, provides a false sense of belief in the ability of market socialism to solve those resource allocation problems. To put it another way, if the neoclassical paradigm had provided a good description of the resource allocation problem and the market mechanism, then market socialism might well have been a success. The very criticisms of market socialism are themselves, to a large extent, criticisms of the neoclassical paradigm.
4. The central economic issues go beyond the traditional three questions posed at the beginning of every introductory text: What is to be produced? How is it to be produced? And for whom is it to be produced? Among the broader set of questions are: How should these resource allocation decisions be made? Who should make these decisions? How can those who are responsible for making these decisions be induced to make the right decisions? How are they to know what and how much information to acquire before making the decisions? How can the separate decisions of the millions of actors decision makers in the economy be coordinated?
5. At the core of the success of market economies are competition, markets, and decentralization. It is possible to have these, and for the government to still play a large role in the economy; indeed it may be necessary for the government to play a large role if competition is to be preserved. There has recently been extensive confusion over to what to attribute the East Asian miracle, the amazingly rapid growth in countries of this region during the past decade or two. Countries like Korea did make use of markets; they were very export oriented. And because markets played such an important role, some observers concluded that their success was convincing evidence of the power of markets alone. Yet in almost every case, government played a major role in these economies. While Wade may have put it too strongly when he entitled his book on the Taiwan success Governing the Market, there is little doubt that government intervened in the economy through the market.
6. At the core of the failure of the socialist experiment is not just the lack of property rights. Equally important were the problems arising from lack of incentives and competition, not only in the sphere of economics but also in politics. Even more important perhaps were problems of information. Hayek was right, of course, in emphasizing that the information problems facing a central planner were overwhelming. I am not sure that Hayek fully appreciated the range of information problems. If they were limited to the kinds of information problems that are at the center of the Arrow-Debreu model consumers conveying their preferences to firms, and scarcity values being communicated both to firms and consumers then market socialism would have worked. Lange would have been correct that by using prices, the socialist economy could "solve" the information problem just as well as the market could. But problems of information are broader.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz libro Whither Socialism?

Fuente: Whither Socialism? (1994), Ch. 1 : The Theory of Socialism and the Power of Economic Ideas

“I, like many members of my generation, was concerned with segregation and the repeated violation of civil rights. We were impatient with those (like President Kennedy) who took a cautious approach. How could we continue to countenance these injustices that had gone on so long? (The fact that so many people in the establishment seemed to do so — as they had accepted colonialism, slavery, and other forms of oppression — left a life-long mark. It reinforced a distrust of authority which I had had from childhood).”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Autobiographical Essay (2001)

“The reason that the invisible hand often seems invisible is that it is often not there.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Quoted in Daniel Altman, "Managing Globalization: Q & A with Joseph Stiglitz" http://blogs.iht.com/tribtalk/business/globalization/?p=177, The International Herald Tribune (2006-10-11).

“There was an incongruity between many of the models that we were taught and the policy positions that our teachers (and we) believed in. The models seemed more consonant with free market prescriptions, though they were presented more as benchmarks rather than full characterizations.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Autobiographical Essay (2001)

“The notion that every well educated person would have a mastery of at least the basic elements of the humanities, sciences, and social sciences is a far cry from the specialized education that most students today receive, particularly in the research universities.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Autobiographical Essay (2001)

“I recognized that information was, in many respects, like a public good, and it was this insight that made it clear to me that it was unlikely that the private market would provide efficient resource allocations whenever information was endogenous.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Autobiographical Essay (2001)

“There is little doubt that the observation that quality may depend on price (productivity on wages; default probability on interest rates) has provided a rich mine for economic theorists: A simple modification of the basic assumptions results in a profound alteration of many of the basic conclusions of the standard paradigm. The Law of Supply and Demand has been repealed. The Law of the Single Price has been repealed. The Fundamental Theorem of Welfare Economics has been shown not to be valid.
More than that, the theories that we describe here provide the basis of progress toward a unification of macroeconomics and microeconomics. They pro vide an explanation of unemployment and credit rationing, derived from basic microeconomic principles. It is a theory in which the extensive idleness that periodically confronts society's resources, human and capital, is seen as but the most obvious example of market failures that prevasively and persistently distort the allocation of resources.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

"The Causes and Consequences of The Dependence of Quality on Price", Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 25, No. 1 (Mar., 1987)

“Once I undertook the analysis of a problem, I often looked at it from a variety of perspectives. I approached the problem as a series of thought experiments — unlike many other sciences, we typically cannot do actual experiments.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Autobiographical Essay (2001)

“Seeing an economy that is, in many ways, quite different from the one grows up in, helps crystallize issues: in one's own environment, one takes too much for granted, without asking why things are the way they are.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Autobiographical Essay (2001)

“If stability and efficiency required that there existed markets that extended infinitely far into the future — and these markets clearly did not exist — what assurance do we have of the stability and efficiency of the capitalist system?”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Autobiographical Essay (2001)

“They [free market policies] were never based on solid empirical and theoretical foundations, and even as many of these policies were being pushed, academic economists were explaining the limitations of markets — for instance, whenever information is imperfect, which is to say always.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

"Bleakonomics" http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/30/books/review/Stiglitz-t.html?_r=2&adxnnl=1&oref=slogin&ref=books&adxnnlx=1191080508-xgqHp+i170M7vW5X5Q4Yeg&oref=slogin The New York Times Sunday Book Review (2007-09-30).

“The best teachers still taught in a Socratic style, asking questions, responding to the answers with still another question. And in all of our courses, we were taught that what mattered most was asking the right question — having posed the question well, answering the question was often a relatively easy matter.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Autobiographical Essay (2001)

“It's actually a tribute to the quality of economics teaching that they have persuaded so many generations of students to believe in so much that seems so counter to what the world is like. Many of the things that I'm going to describe make so much more common sense than these notions that seem counter to what ones eyes see every day.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

"Nobel Prize Lecture" http://nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=507 Information and the Change in the Paradigm in Economics, at Aula Magna, Stockholm University, (2001-12-08).

“The fall of Wall Street is for market fundamentalism what the fall of the Berlin Wall was for communism.”

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Joseph E. Stiglitz

Interview with Nathan Gardels, The Huffington Post, September 16th 2008 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/nathan-gardels/stiglitz-the-fall-of-wall_b_126911.html?show_comment_id=15934161