Frases de William Edward Burghardt Du Bois

William Edward Burghardt Du Bois fue un sociólogo, historiador, activista por los derechos civiles, panafricanista, autor y editor estadounidense. Nacido en Massachusetts, Du Bois creció en una comunidad tolerante y respetuosa, pero aun así experimentó racismo durante su infancia. Después de graduarse en Harvard, donde es el primer afroestadounidense en obtener un doctorado en filosofía, se convierte en profesor de historia, sociología y economía en la Universidad de Atlanta. Du Bois también es uno de los cofundadores de la Asociación Universal Para el Progreso de los Negros .

Alcanzó prominencia nacional cuando fue designado líder del Movimiento Niágara, un grupo de activistas afroestadounidenses que buscaban la igualdad de derechos para los negros. Du Bois y sus partidarios se opusieron al compromiso de Atlanta de Booker T. Washington, un acuerdo que estipulaba que los negros del sur trabajarían y se someterían ante la dominación política blanca, mientras los blancos del sur les garantizaban el recibimiento de oportunidades educativas y económicas básicas. Du Bois insistió en los derechos civiles y en el aumento de la representación política, que a su juicio debía ser impulsada por la élite intelectual afroestadounidense, a la que denominó El Décimo Talentoso. Du Bois no fue un hombre religioso, se describía a sí mismo como un librepensador o agnóstico, y tenía poca paciencia con las iglesias afroestadounidenses o el clero, porque sentía que retrasaban el camino del progreso.

El racismo y la discriminación eran los objetivos frecuentes de las polémicas de Du Bois, y protestó ruidosamente contra los linchamientos, las leyes Jim Crow y la discriminación en la educación. Du Bois hizo varios viajes a Europa, África y Asia. Después de la Primera Guerra Mundial, encuestó a soldados negros en Francia y documentó la intolerancia generalizada en el ejército de los Estados Unidos. Su causa incluía a personas de color de todas partes, particularmente a los asiáticos y africanos en su lucha contra el colonialismo y el imperialismo. Fue un defensor del panafricanismo y ayudó a organizar varios congresos panafricanos para liberar a las colonias africanas de las potencias europeas. Du Bois también fue un feminista que apoyó el movimiento sufragista femenino en los Estados Unidos.

Du Bois fue un autor prolífico, que produjo novelas, ensayos, editoriales, autobiografías, obras de no ficción y estudios académicos. En su papel como editor del diario de la NAACP The Crisis, publicó muchas columnas editoriales importantes. Su libro The Souls of Black Folk de 1903, fue un trabajo fundamental para la literatura afroestadounidense, y su obra maestra Black Reconstruction in America de 1935, desafió la ortodoxia prevaleciente de que los negros eran los responsables de los fracasos de la época de la Reconstrucción. Escribió tres autobiografías, cada una ellas con ensayos perspicaces sobre sociología, política e historia. Du Bois consideraba que el capitalismo era la principal causa del racismo, y generalmente fue favorable a causas socialistas a lo largo de su vida. Fue un ferviente pacifista y abogó por el desarme nuclear. La Ley de Derechos Civiles, que incorporó muchas de las reformas por las que Du Bois hizo campaña durante toda su vida, fue promulgada un año después de su muerte. Wikipedia  

✵ 23. febrero 1868 – 27. agosto 1963   •   Otros nombres ویلیام دوبوآ
William Edward Burghardt Du Bois Foto
William Edward Burghardt Du Bois: 70   frases 1   Me gusta

Frases célebres de William Edward Burghardt Du Bois

“El problema del siglo XX es el problema de la división por color … ¿Soy estadounidense o negro? ¿Puedo ser ambos o es mi deber dejar de ser negro tan rápido como sea posible y ser sólo un estadounidense?”

Fuente: [Mitchell, Helen Buss, Raíces de la sabiduría, http://books.google.com/books?id=yQnSxOVEf4kC&pg=PA404&dq=El+problema+del+siglo+XX+es+el+problema+de+la+divisi%C3%B3n+del+color+...+%C2%BFSoy+estadounidense+o+negro?+%C2%BFPuedo+ser+ambos+o+es+mi+deber+dejar+de+ser+negro+tan+r%C3%A1pido+como+sea+posible+y+ser+s%C3%B3lo+un+estadounidense?&hl=es&ei=BHm0TZiPJcGtgQetjujFCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=El%20problema%20del%20siglo%20XX%20es%20el%20problema%20de%20la%20divisi%C3%B3n%20del%20color%20...%20%C2%BFSoy%20estadounidense%20o%20negro%3F%20%C2%BFPuedo%20ser%20ambos%20o%20es%20mi%20deber%20dejar%20de%20ser%20negro%20tan%20r%C3%A1pido%20como%20sea%20posible%20y%20ser%20s%C3%B3lo%20un%20estadounidense%3F&f=false, español, 4.ª, 2006, Cengage Learning Editores, 9706864989, p. 404]

“Soy un negro, ¡y me regocijo por ello! Estoy orgulloso de la sangre negra que corre por mis venas. He venido aquí por los recuerdos queridos de mi niñez. No para posar como un crítico, sino para unirme a mi gente.”

Fuente: Juan Gualberto Gómez y W.E.B. Du Bois: La identidad nacional versus la identidad racial en Cuba y los Estados Unidos http://www.angelfire.com/planet/islas/Spanish/v2n5-pdf/37.pdf,

“Empecé a sentir la dicotomía que ha caracterizado mi forma de pensar durante toda mi vida: ¿cuánto puede el amor por una raza oprimida concordar con el amor por una patria opresora?”

Fuente: Juan Gualberto Gómez y W.E.B. Du Bois: La identidad nacional versus la identidad racial en Cuba y los Estados Unidos http://www.angelfire.com/planet/islas/Spanish/v2n5-pdf/37.pdf,

“Guerra, asesinato, esclavitud, exterminación y libertinaje, ése ha sido una y otra vez el resultado de llevar la civilización y el santo Evangelio a las islas del mar y a los infieles sin ley.”

Fuente: [Chakrabarty, Dipesh, El humanismo en la era de la globalización, http://books.google.com/books?id=cixpNMv33oAC&pg=PA12&dq=Guerra,+asesinato,+esclavitud,+exterminaci%C3%B3n+y+libertinaje,+%C3%A9se+ha+sido+una+y+otra+vez+el+resultado+de+llevar+la+civilizaci%C3%B3n+y+el+santo+Evangelio+a+las+islas+del+mar+y+a+los+infieles+sin+ley.&hl=es&ei=q8W1TdrILKTY0QH47LmbCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Guerra%2C%20asesinato%2C%20esclavitud%2C%20exterminaci%C3%B3n%20y%20libertinaje%2C%20%C3%A9se%20ha%20sido%20una%20y%20otra%20vez%20el%20resultado%20de%20llevar%20la%20civilizaci%C3%B3n%20y%20el%20santo%20Evangelio%20a%20las%20islas%20del%20mar%20y%20a%20los%20infieles%20sin%20ley.&f=false, español, 1ª, 2009, Katz Barpal Editores S.L., 9788496859524, p. 12]

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William Edward Burghardt Du Bois: Frases en inglés

“The most magnificent drama in the last thousand years of human history is the transportation of ten million human beings out of the dark beauty of their mother continent into the new-found Eldorado of the West.”

W.E.B. Du Bois libro Black Reconstruction

Fuente: Black Reconstruction in America (1935), p. 727
Contexto: The most magnificent drama in the last thousand years of human history is the transportation of ten million human beings out of the dark beauty of their mother continent into the new-found Eldorado of the West. They descended into Hell; and in the third century they arose from the dead, in the finest effort to achieve democracy for the working millions which this world had ever seen. It was a tragedy that beggared the Greek; it was an upheaval of humanity like the Reformation and the French Revolution. Yet we are blind and led by the blind. We discern in it no part of our labor movement; no part of our industrial triumph; no part of our religious experience. Before the dumb eyes of ten generations of ten million children, it is made mockery of and spit upon; a degradation of the eternal mother; a sneer at human effort; with aspiration and art deliberately and elaborately distorted. And why? Because in a day when the human mind aspired to a science of human action, a history and psychology of the mighty effort of the mightiest century, we fell under the leadership of those who would compromise with truth in the past in order to make peace in the present and guide policy in the future.

“Believe in life! Always human beings will progress to greater, broader, and fuller life.”

Last message to the world (written 1957); read at his funeral (1963)

“The worker must work for the glory of his handiwork, not simply for pay; the thinker must think for truth, not for fame.”

W.E.B. Du Bois libro The Souls of Black Folk

Fuente: The Souls of Black Folk (1903), Ch. V: Of the Wings of Atalanta

“Either the United States will destroy ignorance or ignorance will destroy the United States.”

"Niagara Movement Speech" (1905) http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/document/niagara-movement-speech/ <!--originally a portion of this was cited here to an Address to the Nation speech at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (16 August 1906); published in the New York Times on (20 August 1906) — but that does not correspond with the info at the link. -->
Contexto: The school system in the country districts of the South is a disgrace and in few towns and cities are Negro schools what they ought to be. We want the national government to step in and wipe out illiteracy in the South. Either the United States will destroy ignorance or ignorance will destroy the United States.
And when we call for education we mean real education. We believe in work. We ourselves are workers, but work is not necessarily education. Education is the development of power and ideal. We want our children trained as intelligent human beings should be, and we will fight for all time against any proposal to educate black boys and girls simply as servants and underlings, or simply for the use of other people. They have a right to know, to think, to aspire.
These are some of the chief things which we want. How shall we get them? By voting where we may vote, by persistent, unceasing agitation; by hammering at the truth, by sacrifice and work.
We do not believe in violence, neither in the despised violence of the raid nor the lauded violence of the soldier, nor the barbarous violence of the mob, but we do believe in John Brown, in that incarnate spirit of justice, that hatred of a lie, that willingness to sacrifice money, reputation, and life itself on the altar of right. And here on the scene of John Brown’s martyrdom we reconsecrate ourselves, our honor, our property to the final emancipation of the race which John Brown died to make free.
Our enemies, triumphant for the present, are fighting the stars in their courses. Justice and humanity must prevail.

“There is but one coward on earth, and that is the coward that dare not know.”

W.E.B. Du Bois libro Dusk of Dawn

The Study of the Negro Problems, paragraph 50, in The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. XI (January 1898) http://www.webdubois.org/dbStudyofnprob.html
Fuente: Dusk of Dawn

“The cost of liberty is less than the price of repression.”

W.E.B. Du Bois libro John Brown

John Brown: A Biography (1909): "The Legacy of John Brown"

“One ever feels his twoness, -- an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled strivings; two warring ideals in one dark body, whose strenth alone keeps it from being torn asunder.”

W.E.B. Du Bois libro The Souls of Black Folk

Fuente: The Souls of Black Folk (1903), Ch. I: Of Our Spiritual Strivings
Contexto: After the Egyptian and Indian, the Greek and Roman, the Teuton and Mongolian, the Negro is a sort of seventh son, born with a veil, and gifted with second-sight in this American world, — a world which yields him no true self-consciousness, but only lets him see himself through the revelation of the other world. It is a peculiar sensation, this double-consciousness, this sense of always looking at one's self through the eyes of others, of measuring one's soul by the tape of a world that looks on in amused contempt and pity. One ever feels his twoness, — an American, a Negro; two warring souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled strivings; two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder.The history of the American Negro is the history of this strife, — this longing to attain self-conscious manhood, to merge his double self into a better and truer self.

“How shall Integrity face Oppression?”

The Ordeal of Mansart (1957) [Kraus-Thomson, 1976, ], p. 275
Contexto: How shall Integrity face Oppression? What shall Honesty do in the face of Deception, Decency in the face of Insult, Self-Defense before Blows? How shall Desert and Accomplishment meet Despising, Detraction, and Lies? What shall Virtue do to meet Brute Force? There are so many answers and so contradictory; and such differences for those on the one hand who meet questions similar to this once a year or once a decade, and those who face them hourly and daily.

“We do not believe in violence, neither in the despised violence of the raid nor the lauded violence of the soldier, nor the barbarous violence of the mob, but we do believe in John Brown, in that incarnate spirit of justice, that hatred of a lie, that willingness to sacrifice money, reputation, and life itself on the altar of right. And here on the scene of John Brown’s martyrdom we reconsecrate ourselves, our honor, our property to the final emancipation of the race which John Brown died to make free.”

"Niagara Movement Speech" (1905) http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/document/niagara-movement-speech/ <!--originally a portion of this was cited here to an Address to the Nation speech at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (16 August 1906); published in the New York Times on (20 August 1906) — but that does not correspond with the info at the link. -->
Contexto: The school system in the country districts of the South is a disgrace and in few towns and cities are Negro schools what they ought to be. We want the national government to step in and wipe out illiteracy in the South. Either the United States will destroy ignorance or ignorance will destroy the United States.
And when we call for education we mean real education. We believe in work. We ourselves are workers, but work is not necessarily education. Education is the development of power and ideal. We want our children trained as intelligent human beings should be, and we will fight for all time against any proposal to educate black boys and girls simply as servants and underlings, or simply for the use of other people. They have a right to know, to think, to aspire.
These are some of the chief things which we want. How shall we get them? By voting where we may vote, by persistent, unceasing agitation; by hammering at the truth, by sacrifice and work.
We do not believe in violence, neither in the despised violence of the raid nor the lauded violence of the soldier, nor the barbarous violence of the mob, but we do believe in John Brown, in that incarnate spirit of justice, that hatred of a lie, that willingness to sacrifice money, reputation, and life itself on the altar of right. And here on the scene of John Brown’s martyrdom we reconsecrate ourselves, our honor, our property to the final emancipation of the race which John Brown died to make free.
Our enemies, triumphant for the present, are fighting the stars in their courses. Justice and humanity must prevail.

“To the real question, How does it feel to be a problem? I answer seldom a word.”

W.E.B. Du Bois libro The Souls of Black Folk

Fuente: The Souls of Black Folk

“The problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color line.”

W.E.B. Du Bois libro The Souls of Black Folk

Fuente: To the Nations of the World, address to Pan-African conference, London (1900). These words are also found in The Souls of Black Folk (1903), ch. II: Of the Dawn of Freedom

“Liberty trains for liberty. Responsibility is the first step in responsibility.”

W.E.B. Du Bois libro John Brown

John Brown: A Biography (1909): "The Legacy of John Brown"

“And yet this very singleness of vision and thorough oneness with his age is a mark of the successful man. It is as though Nature needs must make men narrow in order to give them force.”

W.E.B. Du Bois libro The Souls of Black Folk

Fuente: The Souls of Black Folk (1903), Ch. III: Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others

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