Frases de Epicuro

Epicuro [1]​, también conocido como Epicuro de Samos, fue un filósofo griego fundador de la escuela que lleva su nombre . Los aspectos más destacados de su doctrina son el hedonismo racional y el atomismo. Influido por Demócrito, Aristóteles y los cínicos, se volvió contra el platonismo y estableció su propia escuela, conocida como "El Jardín", en Atenas, donde él permitió la entrada de mujeres, prostitutas y esclavos a la escuela.[2]​

Defendió una doctrina basada en la búsqueda del placer, la cual debería ser dirigida por la prudencia. Se manifestó en contra del destino, la necesidad y el recurrente sentido griego de fatalidad. La naturaleza, según Epicuro, está regida por el azar, entendiendo este como ausencia de causalidad. Solo así es posible la libertad, sin la cual el hedonismo no tiene motivo de ser. Manifestó que los mitos religiosos amargan la vida de los hombres. El fin de la vida humana es procurar el placer y evadir el dolor; siempre de una manera racional y evitando los excesos, pues estos provocan un sufrimiento posterior. Los placeres del espíritu son superiores a los del cuerpo, y ambos deben satisfacerse con inteligencia, procurando llegar a un estado de bienestar corporal y espiritual al que denominó ataraxia .

Criticaba tanto el desenfreno como la renuncia a los placeres de la carne, y argüía que debería buscarse un término medio y que los goces carnales deberían satisfacerse, siempre y cuando no conllevaran un dolor en el futuro. La filosofía epicúrea afirma que la filosofía debe ser un instrumento al servicio de la vida de los hombres, y que el conocimiento por sí mismo no tiene ninguna utilidad si no se emplea en la búsqueda de la felicidad.

Aunque la mayor parte de su obra se ha perdido, conocemos bien sus enseñanzas a través de la obra De rerum natura, del poeta latino Lucrecio , así como a través de algunas cartas recogidas por Diógenes Laercio y fragmentos rescatados. Wikipedia  

✵ 10. febrero 341 a.C. – 269 a.C.   •   Otros nombres Epikúros, Epikur von Samos
Epicuro Foto

Obras

Epicuro: 74   frases 58   Me gusta

Frases célebres de Epicuro

“La muerte es una quimera, pues cuando yo estoy, ella no está; y cuando ella está, yo no.”

Otra versión: "La muerte es una quimera: porque mientras yo existo, no existe la muerte; y cuando existe la muerte, ya no existo yo."
Otra versión: "La muerte, temida como el más horrible de los males, no es, en realidad, nada, pues mientras nosotros somos, la muerte no es, y cuando ésta llega, nosotros no somos."
Otra versión: "¿Por qué temer la muerte?, si mientras existimos, ella no existe y cuando existe la muerte, entonces, no existimos nosotros."
Fuente: Carta a Meneceo, 125.

Frases de vida de Epicuro

“El placer es el principio y el fin de una vida feliz.”

Fuente: Carta a Meneceo, 128.

Frases de fe de Epicuro

“Si buscas la fama, más fama te darán mis cartas que todas esas cosas que festejas y por las cuales eres festejado.”

Fuente: Citado por Séneca en su obra Cartas de Séneca a Lucilio, Carta XXI.

Epicuro Frases y Citas

“Has de mirar con quién comes y bebes antes que lo que comes y bebes; porque comida sin amigo es comida de leones y lobos.”

Citado por Séneca en su obra Cartas de Séneca a Lucilio, Carta XIX

“Nada es suficiente para quien lo suficiente es poco.”

Fuente: Exhortaciones, 68.

“La necesidad esta dentro del mal, pero no hay causa, dianoética, alguna de vivir con necesidad.”

Otra versión: "Malo es vivir en necesidad; pero no hay necesidad alguna de vivir en ella."
Citado por Séneca en su obra Cartas de Séneca a Lucilio, Carta XII
Fuente: Exhortaciones, 9.

“Llegará un momento en que creas que todo ha terminado. Ese será el principio.”

Fuente: Paymal, Noemi. Pedagogía 3000/ Pedagogy 3000: Guía práctica para docentes, padres y uno mismo (A Practical Guide for Teachers, Parents and Oneself). Editorial Brujas, 2008. ISBN 9789875911352. p. 98.

“Para muchos, haber ganado riquezas no fue acabamiento de sus miserias, sino cambio de unas miserias por otras.”

Fuente: Citado por Séneca en su obra Cartas de Séneca a Lucilio, Carta XVII.

“Fuente: Citado por Séneca en su obra Cartas de Séneca a Lucilio, Carta XVIII.”

«Una ira desmesurada engendra la locura».

“El permanecer oculto no sirve de nada al pecador; pues aunque consiga encontra un buen escondrijo le falta la confianza.”

Citado por Séneca en su obra Cartas de Séneca a Lucilio, Carta XCVII

Epicuro: Frases en inglés

“It is impossible to live a pleasant life without living wisely and honorably and justly, and it is impossible to live wisely and honorably and justly without living pleasantly.”

Sovereign Maxims
Contexto: It is impossible to live a pleasant life without living wisely and honorably and justly, and it is impossible to live wisely and honorably and justly without living pleasantly. Whenever any one of these is lacking, when, for instance, the man is not able to live wisely, though he lives honorably and justly, it is impossible for him to live a pleasant life. (5)

“Let no one be slow to seek wisdom when he is young nor weary in the search of it when he has grown old. For no age is too early or too late for the health of the soul.”

Epicurus Carta a Meneceo

"Letter to Menoeceus" http://www.epicurus.net/en/menoeceus.html, as translated in Stoic and Epicurean (1910) by Robert Drew Hicks, p. 167
Variant translation: Let no one delay to study philosophy while he is young, and when he is old let him not become weary of the study; for no man can ever find the time unsuitable or too late to study the health of his soul. And he who asserts either that it is not yet time to philosophize, or that the hour is passed, is like a man who should say that the time is not yet come to be happy, or that it is too late. So that both young and old should study philosophy, the one in order that, when he is old, he many be young in good things through the pleasing recollection of the past, and the other in order that he may be at the same time both young and old, in consequence of his absence of fear for the future.
Contexto: Let no one be slow to seek wisdom when he is young nor weary in the search of it when he has grown old. For no age is too early or too late for the health of the soul. And to say that the season for studying philosophy has not yet come, or that it is past and gone, is like saying that the season for happiness is not yet or that it is now no more. Therefore, both old and young alike ought to seek wisdom, the former in order that, as age comes over him, he may be young in good things because of the grace of what has been, and the latter in order that, while he is young, he may at the same time be old, because he has no fear of the things which are to come. So we must exercise ourselves in the things which bring happiness, since, if that be present, we have everything, and, if that be absent, all our actions are directed towards attaining it.

“No pleasure is in itself evil, but the things which produce certain pleasures entail annoyances many times greater than the pleasures themselves.”

8
Variant translation: No pleasure is itself a bad thing, but the things that produce some kinds of pleasure, bring along with them unpleasantness that is much greater than the pleasure itself.
Sovereign Maxims

“Where without any change in circumstances the things held to be just by law are seen not to correspond with the concept of justice in actual practice, such laws are not really just”

Sovereign Maxims
Contexto: Where without any change in circumstances the things held to be just by law are seen not to correspond with the concept of justice in actual practice, such laws are not really just; but wherever the laws have ceased to be advantageous because of a change in circumstances, in that case the laws were for that time just when they were advantageous for the mutual dealings of the citizens, and subsequently ceased to be just when they were no longer advantageous. (38)

“Natural justice is a symbol or expression of usefulness, to prevent one person from harming or being harmed by another.”

31
Sovereign Maxims
Variante: Natural justice is a pledge of reciprocal benefit, to prevent one man from harming or being harmed by another.

“A happy and eternal being has no trouble himself and brings no trouble upon any other being; hence he is exempt from movements of anger and partiality, for every such movement implies weakness.”

1
Variant translations:
What is blessed and indestructible has no troubles itself, nor does it give trouble to anyone else, so that it is not affected by feelings of anger or gratitude. For all such things are signs of weakness. (Hutchinson)
The blessed and immortal is itself free from trouble nor does it cause trouble for anyone else; therefore it is not constrained either by anger of favour. For such sentiments exist only in the weak (O'Connor)
A blessed and imperishable being neither has trouble itself nor does it cause trouble for anyone else; therefore, it does not experience anger nor gratitude, for such feelings signify weakness. (unsourced translation)
Sovereign Maxims

“He who is not satisfied with a little, is satisfied with nothing.”

Epicurus Máximas capitales

The Essential Epicurus : Letters, Principal Doctrines, Vatican sayings, and fragments (1993) edited by Eugene Michael O'Connor, p. 99

“Don't fear god,
Don't worry about death;
What is good is easy to get, and
What is terrible is easy to endure.”

The "Tetrapharmakos" [τετραφάρμακος], or "The four-part cure" of Epicurus, from the "Herculaneum Papyrus", 1005, 4.9–14 of Philodemus, as translated in The Epicurus Reader: Selected Writings and Testimonia (1994) edited by D. S. Hutchinson, p. vi

“Self-sufficiency is the greatest of all wealth.”

Epicurus Máximas capitales

The Essential Epicurus : Letters, Principal Doctrines, Vatican sayings, and fragments (1993) edited by Eugene Michael O'Connor, p. 99

“The greatest reward of righteousness is peace of mind.”

Attributed to Epicurus by Clement of Alexandria in Stromata

“Is God willing to prevent evil, but not able? Then he is not omnipotent. Is he able, but not willing? Then he is malevolent. Is he both able and willing? Then whence cometh evil? Is he neither able nor willing? Then why call him God?”

This attribution occurs in chapter 13 (Ioan. Graphei, 1532, p. 494) http://books.google.com/books?id=rs47AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA494 of the Christian church father's Lactantius's De Ira Dei (c. 318):
"God," he [Epicurus] says, "either wants to eliminate bad things and cannot,
or can but does not want to,
or neither wishes to nor can,
or both wants to and can.
If he wants to and cannot, then he is weak and this does not apply to god.
If he can but does not want to, then he is spiteful which is equally foreign to god’'s nature.
If he neither wants to nor can, he is both weak and spiteful, and so not a god.
If he wants to and can, which is the only thing fitting for a god, where then do bad things come from? Or why does he not eliminate them?"
Lactantius, On the Anger of God, 13.19
Charles Bray, in his 1863 The Philosophy of Necessity: Or, Natural Law as Applicable to Moral, Mental, and Social Science quotes Epicurus without citation as saying a variant of the above statement (p. 41) http://books.google.com/books?id=BebVAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA41 (with "is not omnipotent" for "is impotent"). This quote appeared in "On the proofs of the existence of God: a lecture and answer questions" http://www.atheism.ru/old/KryAth2.html (1960) by professor Kryvelev I.A. (Крывелёв И.А. О доказательствах бытия божия: лекция и ответы на вопросы. М., 1960). And N. A. Nicholson, in his 1864 Philosophical Papers (p. 40), attributes "the famous questions" to Epicurus, using the wording used earlier by Hume (with "is he" for "he is") http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMsGAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA40. Hume's statement occurs in Book X (p. 186) http://books.google.com/books?id=E7dbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA186 of his renowned Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, published posthumously in 1779. The character Philo precedes the statement with "Epicurus's old questions are yet unanswered.…". Hume is following the enormously influential Dictionnaire Historique et Critique (1697–1702) of Pierre Bayle, which quotes Lactantius attributing the questions to Epicurus (Desoer, 1820, p. 479) http://books.google.com/books?id=QwwZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA479.
There has also arisen a further disputed extension, for which there has been found no published source prior to The Heretic's Handbook of Quotations: Cutting Comments on Burning Issues (1992) by Charles Bufe, p. 186: "Is he neither able nor willing? Then why call him God?"
Disputed

“It is impossible for someone to dispel his fears about the most important matters if he doesn't know the nature of the universe but still gives some credence to myths. So without the study of nature there is no enjoyment of pure pleasure.”

12
Variant translation: One cannot rid himself of his primal fears if he does not understand the nature of the universe, but instead suspects the truth of some mythical story. So without the study of nature, there can be no enjoyment of pure pleasure. http://www.epicurus.info/etexts/PD.html
Sovereign Maxims

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